心理应激的团体辅导“简快重建法”摘要
目的：随着各种应激事件的心理干预需求不断增加，团体心理辅导模式应运而生。紧急事件应激晤谈(CISD)等模式在应激干预中曾有着广泛的应用，但是近年批评声音渐多。团体干预实践中急需解决前人范式中每次处理人数较少、团体周期长与紧急、混乱、流动性大的环境难匹配，以及急性期情绪处理的争议等问题，以不断提高可操作性和安全性，达到减少混乱，看到资源，获得支持，促进重建的目标。
方法：在整合前人成功经验和多年实践的基础上，不断探索、完善的心理应激团体辅导模式。2008年6月至2012年8月，对分别来自汶川等地震重灾区和茂名水灾重灾区的部分受灾人员，以及深圳受事故、自杀、人际伤害事件影响的部分人群进行了基于认知行为治疗的 “简快重建法”团体心理辅导——通过四个步骤（呈现问题，健康教育，应对探讨，总结提升）一次团辅中完成（图1）；对参加“简快重建法”和其它方式团体辅导的受影响人员进行了量表评估。其中量表评估942人，量表包括精神卫生指征自评量表(SRQ-20)、PTSD 筛选量表（PCL-C)。
结果：“简快重建法”可以帮助团体成员迅速厘清当前问题，重新发现或获得支持资源，运用已有的或习得的较好应对方式，制定改善计划，恢复控制感。参加了该团辅者的SRQ-20阳性率、PCL-C阳性率均显著低于未开展该团辅的对照组人群；容量数倍于常规团辅人数。
结论:简快重建法适用于灾难、事故以及自杀、人际事件等应激源影响的群体
图1. 简快重建法团体干预
关键词：应激，干预，团体，简快
(来源：第21届IFP世界心理治疗大会)
简快重建法的详情>>>
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http://www.858.org.cn/index.asp?bianhao=3177
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http://blog.sina.com.cn/u/1621589093
The Simplified Rapid Reconstruction Method for Group Counseling on Psychological Stress (Abstract)
Sui ShuangGe M.D.
Spring Care Stress Intervention Service Center，Shenzhen
Email: sui@858.org.cn
Purpose:
The critical problemsfor present group counselling are: limited amount of people can be in onegroup; too long treatment period does not match with the urgent, chaotic andmobile context, as well as it does not help relieve the acute emotionalcatharsis. A practical, secured method is to be developed in order to fulfillthe above needs.
Method:
The Simplified Rapid Reconstruction Method, ashort-term group psychosocial counseling with four steps(presenting problems, health education, coping strategy discussions, summaryand improvement) in one session (Fig.1), which was theresult of integrated development oriented on CBT. Between June, year 2008 andAugust 2012, this method has been used to treat groups in earthquakes ofWenchuan, and flood of Maoming, as well as on accidents, suicidal events, andinterpersonal injuries in Shenzhen. 942 people were evaluated by measurementscale including Self-Rating Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20) and PTSD ChecklistCivilian Version (PCL-C).
Result:
The Simplified Rapid Reconstruction Methodhelped group members to clarify current problems, rediscover or obtainsupportive resources, practice or learn better coping strategies, establishimprovement plans, and recover feeling of control. Those who had attended this method of treatment, the SRQ-20 and PCL-Cpositive rate are both significant lower than control groups. The amount ofpeople could be treated at one group are also many times more than othermethods’ treatment.
Conclusion:
The Simplified Rapid Reconstruction Method issuitable for disasters, accidents and suicidal and interpersonal eventsaffected groups.
Fig.1 The Simplified Rapid Reconstruction Method for Group Counseling on Psychological Stress
Key Words:Stress disorder, Intervention, Group counseling, Simplified and rapid
(Shuangge Sui. The Simplified RapidReconstruction Method for Group Counseling on Psychological Stress. CongressProceeding of the 21th IFP World Congress of Psychotherapy. Shanghai,2014,5:212)
（编辑：云淡风轻）
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